Multiple
Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the
question.
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1.
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What term describes the
difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area? a. | topography | b. | landform | c. | plateau | d. | relief | | |
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2.
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A landform that has high
elevation and a more or less level surface is a a. | lowland. | b. | mountain system. | c. | coastal plain. | d. | plateau. | | |
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3.
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One major difference between a
coastal plain and an interior plain is in a. | elevation. | b. | slope. | c. | relief. | d. | flatness. | | |
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4.
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If you were in a submersible
and landed on the ocean floor, you would be touching down on Earth’s a. | hydrosphere. | b. | lithosphere. | c. | atmosphere. | d. | biosphere. | | |
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5.
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The “sphere“ that
extends into each of the other spheres is the a. | hydrosphere. | b. | atmosphere. | c. | biosphere. | d. | lithosphere. | | |
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6.
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If one centimeter on a map
represents 25,000 centimeters on the ground, the scale of the map is a. | 1 centimeter = 2.5 kilometers. | b. | 1 : 250,000. | c. | 1 : 2,500,000. | d. | 1 : 25,000. | | |
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7.
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The point on Earth’s
surface having zero degrees latitude and zero degrees longitude would be located a. | in Greenwich, England. | b. | at the North
Pole. | c. | where the equator crosses the prime
meridian. | d. | at the South Pole. | | |
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8.
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New Orleans, Louisiana, and
Cairo, Egypt, are nearly the same distance north of the equator. This means that the two cities have
almost the same a. | elevation. | b. | projection. | c. | longitude. | d. | latitude. | | |
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9.
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If you were to take the
shortest route from 25º S 30º E to 25º N 30º W, in which
direction would you travel? a. | northeast | b. | southeast | c. | southwest | d. | northwest | | |
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10.
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A satellite image is made up of
thousands of tiny dots called a. | degrees. | b. | pixels. | c. | symbols. | d. | digits. | | |
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11.
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Computer mapmakers digitize map
data so that they can a. | find latitude and
longitude. | b. | display the data on a computer screen. | c. | make new map projections. | d. | compare satellite
images. | | |
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12.
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A topographic map differs from
a road map in that the topographic map shows a. | directions and
distance. | b. | elevation, relief, and slope. | c. | streams and lakes. | d. | highways and
expressways. | | |
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13.
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Topographic maps are usually
large-scale maps that show a. | entire
continents. | b. | only rivers and lakes. | c. | a close-up view of part of Earth’s surface. | d. | all land north or south of the equator. | | |
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14.
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Elevation, relief, and slope on
a topographic map are shown using symbols called a. | pixels. | b. | contour lines. | c. | contour
intervals. | d. | GPS units. | | |
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15.
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What kind of slope do closely
spaced contour lines indicate? a. | V-shaped | b. | flat | c. | steep | d. | gentle | | |
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16.
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To find the latitude,
longitude, and elevation of points on Earth’s surface, the Global Positioning System
uses a. | topographic maps. | b. | a network of
satellites. | c. | satellite images. | d. | aerial photography. | | |
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17.
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For the Global Positioning
System (GPS) to work, at any given time there must be a. | GPS units in every car. | b. | at least three GPS satellites above the
horizon. | c. | GPS units at several different locations. | d. | an accurate map of the area. | | |
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18.
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The Bitterroot Mountains in
Idaho are an example of a a. | mountain system. | b. | mountain belt. | c. | landform region of low
relief. | d. | mountain range. | | |
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19.
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It would be easy to walk up a
slope represented by contour lines that a. | are curved. | b. | are far apart. | c. | form closed
loops. | d. | are close together. | | |
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20.
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V-shaped contour lines pointing
uphill indicate a a. | mountain top. | b. | depression. | c. | ridge. | d. | valley. | | |
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21.
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The contour lines that
represent the top of a hill form a. | a closed loop. | b. | a sharp angle. | c. | a gentle curve. | d. | parallel lines. | | |
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22.
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A contour line that forms a
closed loop and has small dashes pointing to the inside of the loop represents a. | a small plateau. | b. | an unknown area. | c. | a mapmaker’s mistake. | d. | a depression in the
ground. | | |
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23.
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Plateaus, plains, and mountains
are all part of which of Earth’s spheres? a. | atmosphere | b. | hydrosphere | c. | biosphere | d. | lithosphere | | |
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24.
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A map projection in which the
lines of latitude and longitude are all straight, parallel lines that form a rectangle is
the a. | equal-area projection. | b. | Mercator
projection. | c. | Greenland projection. | d. | global projection. | | |
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25.
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In which “sphere”
are rivers included? a. | hydrosphere | b. | atmosphere | c. | biosphere | d. | lithosphere | | |
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26.
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Which of the locations listed
below is farthest from the prime meridian? a. | 10° N 25°
W | b. | 10° S 25° E | c. | 25° S 40° E | d. | 40° N 35° W | | |
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27.
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The distance in degrees east or
west of the prime meridian is called a. | map projection. | b. | latitude. | c. | longitude. | d. | map scale. | | |
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28.
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If Lima, Peru, is located at
about 12° S 77° W, then Lima is in the a. | northern and eastern hemispheres. | b. | southern hemisphere only. | c. | southern and western
hemispheres. | d. | western hemisphere only. | | |
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29.
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On a Mercator projection,
Greenland appears larger than South America because a. | its land area is really greater than that of South America. | b. | all land masses are distorted. | c. | small land masses are distorted more than large ones. | d. | Mercator projections enlarge areas near the poles. | | |
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30.
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Elevation, relief, and
landforms are factors that determine an area’s a. | hydrosphere. | b. | topography. | c. | atmosphere. | d. | biology. | | |
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Modified
True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false. If false, change
the identified word or phrase to make the sentence or statement true.
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31.
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The elevation of an area
is the difference in height between its highest and lowest point.
_________________________
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32.
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The Rocky Mountains have
low relief and high elevation. _________________________
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33.
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Scientists divide Earth into
four spheres. The lithosphere is the one that forms Earth’s rocky outer layer.
_________________________
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34.
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On a road map, the map
key shows the symbol that represents a highway. _________________________
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35.
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The prime meridian
circles Earth halfway between the North and South poles. _________________________
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36.
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A group of mountains closely
related in shape, structure, and age is a mountain range.
_________________________
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37.
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Lines of latitude run
from north to south, meeting at the poles. _________________________
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38.
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Latitude and longitude are
measured in pixels, each of which represents 1/360 of the way around a full circle.
_________________________
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39.
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On a topographic map, V-shaped
contour lines pointing uphill indicate a valley. _________________________
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40.
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On a topographic map, steep
slopes are indicated by contour lines that are widely spaced.
_________________________
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Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
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41.
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Features of topography, such as
the Columbia Plateau and Mount Hood, are called ____________________.
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42.
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A(n) ____________________ is a
landform with high elevation and a more or less level surface.
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43.
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Nitrogen and oxygen are the
most abundant gases in Earth’s ____________________, or outermost sphere.
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44.
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Mapmakers use a framework of
lines, called a(n) _________________________, to represent Earth’s curved surface on a flat
map.
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45.
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The ____________________ of the
North Pole is 90° north.
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46.
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Longitude is a measurement of
distance east or west of the _________________________.
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47.
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A ____________________ map uses
contour lines to show the elevation, relief, and slope of an area.
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48.
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Roads, rivers, airports, and
woods are represented by different ____________________ on a topographic map.
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49.
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Each dot, or
____________________, in a satellite image contains information about the color and brightness of a
small area on Earth’s surface.
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50.
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A world map drawn using a(n)
____________________ projection would correctly show the relative sizes of Earth’s
landmasses.
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